Type of Event: Flood (Riverine flood);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2023-01-19 19:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2023-02-23 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Kosovo;
Affected Area: ;
Event Description:


Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN144] Flood in Kosovo
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN144/feed

Type of Event: Mass movement (Mudflow);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2023-02-23 09:54:24;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2023-02-23 09:54:24;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Italy;
Affected Area: Italy;
Event Description:

See the activation results in the Activation Viewer.

On 27 November 2022, a landslide occurred in the municipality of Casamicciola on the island of Ischia, Italy, which affected 28.2 hectares of land. The incident was triggered by heavy rainfall, with more than 120 mm recorded within six hours. The landslide occurred between 03:00 and 05:00 am, resulting in 12 fatalities and several hundred injuries. In response to the disaster, Italy declared a state of emergency, and the Italian National Department of Civil Protection activated the Copernicus Rapid Mapping service (EMSR643). Afterwards, the Italian Civil protection requested a Risk and Recovery activation, to better assess the impact of the landslide with aerial imagery captured by the CEMS aerial component, and a landslide risk assessment for the entire island.

The results of this activation can be downloaded from this page, in vector format (in the goedatabase) or raster. A first set of results is related to the damage assessment and landslide mapping products:

Updated reference mapping, scale 1:5,000 for the entire island of Ischia

Product 1. The reference map presents essential territorial features, including topography, population, industry, transportation, and points of interest like hospitals, schools, and industry types within the Area of Interest (AOI). This reference map has been created by integrating data from various sources, such as pre-existing maps and updated features from a Very High-Resolution (VHR) image and an Aerial Red Green Blue (RGB) ortho-mosaic (15 cm/px GSD). Other products from CEMS Aerial Component for AOI2 (Ischia Island) have also been used to enhance the reference map, including Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and Digital Surface Model (DSM) with a geospatial resolution of 1 m/px for refining the physiography. In addition, the RGB ortho-mosaic (5cm/pixel GSD) from CEMS Aerial Component for AOI1 (Casamicciola) has been employed to enhance the delimited area covered within the AOI. The reference mapping vector products have been produced for AOI2 (Ischia Island) with an appropriate level of detail and accuracy on a scale of 1:5,000. Product available in the geodatabase.

Delineation of the landslides that affected the area during the event

Product 2. A three-step procedure was used to delineate the landslides in the Casamicciola area, using multi-source data. The procedure involved the extraction and detailed delineation of the landslides from RGB orthophotos, the use of LIDAR classified point clouds, and refinement through photo-interpretation using DTM and DSM. The extraction of highly accurate information was achieved through visual interpretation of orthophotos, and additional inputs were provided by the Copernicus Emergency Management Service product EMSR643. LIDAR was used to obtain information for affected points with inaccurate spectral imaging, and the DTM and DSM were used for further refinement. The comparison of these products with the pre-event DEM confirmed the deposition of mud in lower altitude areas and revealed differences in the ground surface. Product available in the raster dataset.

Detailed damage assessment

Product 3. The assessment of the damage caused by landslides to infrastructures was carried out using the aerial imagery collected after the event by the Copernicus Emergency Management Service. The objective of the assessment was to estimate the extent of damage to critical infrastructure such as the Transportation Network, Buildings, and Facilities. The damage assessment was classified into five categories: Destroyed, Damaged, Possibly Damaged, No visible damage, and Not analyzed. Special guidelines were followed for each layer. For instance, only the damaged sections of the transportation network were assessed, while buildings and facilities were evaluated based on their location in the landslide or flooded areas and visible damage. Product available in the geodatabase.

Estimation of the economic consequences

Product 4. The estimation of the economic consequences of the landslides on the damaged assets is obtained by combining the detailed damage assessment of landslides with the assets map by summing all the economic values of the affected assets weighted by their damage degree since P3 is provided in categorical levels such as destroyed, damaged, possibly damaged, no visible damage, and not analysed. The product is available both as raster and vector data.

Estimation of the volume of the landslides

Product 5. The technique utilized to estimate the amount of mass moved during the landslide was the comparison of pre- and post-event DEMs. The difference in elevations between the pre-event DEM provided by INGV and the post-event DEM provided by CEMS aerial component was calculated to determine the difference in volumes. This calculation was carried out in the affected area of the landslide, specifically in AOI1 (Casamicciola). The negative and positive values obtained through grid subtraction represented areas of erosion and deposition, respectively. However, the pre-event DEM had quality issues, which required both DEMs to be of the same resolution before the difference in elevations could be calculated. The application of the DEM differential method was also affected by data background errors, primarily caused by differences in DEM resolutions, leading to unreasonable values that did not align with assumptions. Porduct available as raster dataset.

3D simulation video of the landslide

Product 6. Video of a simulation of the landslide in 3D over the DSM allowing the general public to understand not only the geographical context, orography, and dynamics of the landslide but also the immediate consequences of the event. Product available as zipped .mp4 video file. (the .mp4 file is split into two zip archives; to extract it, you need to have all the split files in the same directory and then extract the contents of the first archive file. The extraction process will automatically detect the other split files and combine them to reconstruct the original compressed file.)

Landlside hazard assessment

Product 7. Landslides are a type of natural hazard that occurs when shear tension exceeds shear friction, causing the slope's stability to be disrupted. Typically, landslides occur in areas with specific natural conditions, such as high slopes, unstable and permeable bedrock, the proximity of geological faults, or the absence of vegetation cover. These environmental characteristics increase the likelihood of landslides occurring, but mass movement is triggered by specific factors such as extreme precipitation, snow melting, and anthropogenic activity. Depending on the type of slope material, speed, and shape of the shear track, landslides can be classified into many different types. Product available in the geodatabase.

Landslide exposure and vulnerability assessment

Product 8. The analysis was conducted using data from 2019, prior to the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. To assess exposure, the first criterion considered was the number of inhabitants and visitors who stayed overnight, estimated at around 88,568 people, excluding daily visitors. The number of visitors was further broken down to individual residential or accommodation buildings. The vulnerability analysis focused on specific factors related to different elements such as individual buildings, residential areas, roads, and bridges. The vulnerability of buildings was assessed based on their age, construction type, and foundation, while for roads and bridges, their material, age, and location were considered. The findings of the analysis revealed that some areas of the island were more susceptible to landslides than others. As a result, recommendations were made to enhance the resilience of the island's infrastructure against potential landslides. Product available in the geodatabase.

Landslide risk assessment

Product 9. The total risk calculation formula incorporates hazard, exposure, and vulnerability variables, each having a maximum value of 5. The theoretical maximum total risk value is 125. The calculated risk values are divided into five intervals. However, for bridges, only hazard and vulnerability variables are used in the risk calculation, and the intervals are determined using a different approach. Product available in the geodatabase.

Assets map

Product 10. The assets map of Ischia Island indicates the monetary worth of tangible assets, including buildings, infrastructure, and agriculture. However, it does not account for intangible assets and indirect economic impacts. The buildings' values were calculated using construction costs in Italy from 2010, and their current value was adjusted after factoring in depreciation. The value of infrastructure was estimated using data available for Italy and other European countries. The content value of each building was determined based on the area assigned to residential, commercial, and industrial purposes. Product available as raster dataset.

Potential economic loss due to landslide risk

Product 11. Potential economic loss due to landslide risk is computed by combining products of landslide risk for selected triggering scenarios or specific return periods with the assets map by summing all the economic value of the affected assets. Product available as raster dataset.

Ground motion detection

Product 12. The Multi-temporal Interferometric (MT-InSAR) Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI) method was utilized to identify ground movements induced by natural or human activities on Italy's Ischia island. This technique utilizes repeated satellite measurements of deformation signals that bounce off features on the Earth's surface. The resulting ground motion map contains a series of stable points called persistent scatterers (PS), with constant phase and reflectivity characteristics. The process includes data preprocessing, PSI analysis, post-processing, and evaluation, which includes detecting non-linear trends and assessing motion directional components. This approach is particularly effective for evaluating ground motions in urban areas with a high density of natural persistent scatterers. Product available in the geodatabase.

Coastal erosion hazard analysis

Product 13. A coastal erosion hazard analysis was conducted on Ischia Island, which utilized a modified version of the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) that includes socioeconomic parameters. A raster-based approach was employed for the analysis, as it was determined to be more appropriate than a vector-based approach. In addition, the study introduced the Radius of Influence of Coastal Erosion (RICE) concept, which encompasses all areas within 500m from the coastline and extends to areas below 20m. The Physical Vulnerability Index (PVI) was calculated based on several variables, such as adjusted geomorphology, shoreline change, slope, relative sea-level change, mean significant wave height, and mean tidal range. The PVI was ranked on a vulnerability scale ranging from very low to very high. The outcomes of the analysis can be used to guide coastal management strategies and decision-making processes. Product available as raster dataset.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN142] Post-disaster evaluation and preparedness analysis of landslide risk in Ischia, Italy
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN142/feed

Type of Event: Flood (Simulation);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-10-15 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-12-21 15:08:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Chad;
Affected Area: Lake Chad;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Mapping service has been activated for an assessment of the extent of floods that occurred in October 2022 in the Lake Chad area. The request included projections and an analysis of the difference between seasonal/structural and extraordinary (one-off) precipitations and floods in the area.

On 19 October 2022 the head of the Chad government declared a state of emergency in the country in response to flooding in 636 localities across 18 of the country’s 23 provinces. The worst affected have been the southern provinces of Mayo Kebbi Est, Logone Occidental, Tandjile, Moyen-Chari and Mandoul. It was mentioned that flooding damaged 465,000 hectares of crops and destroyed 19,000 heads of livestock. Chad has two main rivers, the Chari and Logone, which flow through its southern provinces and empty into Lake Chad, at the border area with Niger, Nigeria and Cameroon. This year the lake was fed early on by other tributaries and its water level became higher than that of the two rivers, causing them to flow instead into surrounding towns and villages. Such unprecedented rainy season affected a total of 1.2 million people, including 129,000 people displaced in Ndjamena and 10,000 people displaced in the Lake Province.

The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs reported that in the capital N’Djamena, a quarter of the city was flooded. The humanitarian conditions were rapidly deteriorating: over 71,000 people were displaced in few days, doubled in the week after, as waters of the Logone and Chari rivers from the south continued to flood the capital on their way to Lake Chad. Several IDP camps were set up to locate families and humanitarian actors, supporting the national authorities in the provisioning of food, shelter wash, and protection activities to people who lost their houses. Camps were over their capacity, and new ones are spontaneously created not far from where homes were flooded.

This activation aimed at providing a better understanding of the past flood event in 3 relevant areas identified by DG ECHO Field Officers. The performed analyses included the following:

The P05-Modelled flood extent for major events were not feasible due to the unavailability of the needed data. However, a non-standard P05 has been proposed. The results obtained referred to 3 scenarios: the flood event that occurred in October 2022, a wet season scenario and a dry season one.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population has been assessed considering the maximum water extent (P05). Results show that between 3 and 7% of the settlements are located in area that could be flooded considering the maximum water extent modelled in the P05

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN140] Flood in Chad
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN140/feed

Type of Event: Flood (Riverine flood);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-09-02 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-11-30 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Bulgaria;
Affected Area: Karavelovo, Bulgaria;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated for the analysis of the flood occurred in September 2022 in Bulgaria, in the villages of Bogdan and Karavelovo, in Karlovo Municipality.
From the 2nd of September 2022, torrential rainfalls caused rivers and streams to overflow flooding several villages in Plovdiv Province including Bogdan, Rozino, Karavelovo, Stoletovo, Pesnopoi and Trilistnik and the flooding reached a depth from 1.5m to 2m in some areas.
Local media reported that the entire village of Bogdan was under water at one point after an embankment along the Stryama River failed. At least 200 homes across the province have been damaged or destroyed. Damage to infrastructures left the area without electricity and drinking water. Bridges and roads were also destroyed leaving some villages isolated. Military helicopters were used to deliver relief supplies and carry out the rescue of people. In Karavelovo and Bogdan, it was reported that 36 people were saved by boats and by various alpine techniques.

A hydraulic modelling approach has been adopted to provide the temporal analysis of the occurred flood event (P06 product) in terms of maximum flood extent, maximum water depth, and flood temporal evolution estimated during the period 2nd September 2022 – 5th September 2022. The model has been calibrated using the flood footprint retrieved from a Sentinel-2 image acquired on 5th September 2022 (31.3 ha), where flood traces were observed and digitized through visual interpretation.

The maximum flood extent retrieved from the hydraulic modelling is 840.4 ha in AOI01. The maximum water depth has been evaluated mostly within the range 0.5-1.4 m.

The Impact assessment analyses on assets and population has been performed based on the available reference data as provided through the P02-Reference Dataset product, the GlobeLand30 dataset, and the population information provided by the WorldPop dataset. The product has been delivered by reporting, in tabular form, the impact of the maximum flood extent provided by the P06 product.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN141] Flood in Bulgaria
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN141/feed

Type of Event: Other (Algae Bloom);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-08-29 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Poland;
Affected Area: river Odra on Polish territory;
Event Description:

The activation was triggered due to a massive fish die-off in the Odra (Oder) river beginning in late July 2022 in the upstream area around the village of Lipki and moving downstream to Kostrzyn nad Odrą, where dead fishes were encountered at 10th of August 2022. The activation aims to provide a water quality information layer based on a Sentinel 2 analysis for 1) the most recent situation around the city of Wrocław and 2) the evolution during the summer period of 2022 in comparison to 2021 and 2020. With that aim the following products were generated: Reference data (P1) showing the most recent situation of relevant landscape elements such as POI, transportation network, LULC. Determination of the water quality parameters (P2) chlorophyll-a concentration and suspended particulate matter showing the most recent situation for all water bodies around the city of Wrocław. Chlorophyll-a concentration time series analysis (P3) along the complete river at Polish territory, showing the evolution over the summer period (June-August) of 2022 and comparing 2021/ 2020. Fig. Evolution of the Chlorophyll-a concentration at sample site Frankfurt/Oder 2022 To derive the results, the SNAP C2RCC processor was used on the Senitnel-2 products identified in this activation. Results showed an increase on the chlorophyl-a and TSM values in Summer 2022, coinciding with the pollution event reported. The comparison of the same water quality parameters for the same period in 2021 and 2020 shows the exceptionality of the event that took place on summer 2022. Fig. Chl-a concentration (median) for the sample sites over the respective summer periods from 2020 to 2022

• Reference data (P1) showing the most recent situation of relevant landscape elements such as POI, transportation network, LULC.
• Determination of the water quality parameters (P2) chlorophyll-a concentration and suspended particulate matter showing the most recent situation for all water bodies around the city of Wrocław.
• Chlorophyll-a concentration time series analysis (P3) along the complete river at Polish territory, showing the evolution over the summer period (June-August) of 2022 and comparing 2021/ 2020.

 

 

To derive the results, the SNAP C2RCC processor was used on the Sentinel-2 products identified in this activation. Results showed an increase in the chlorophyll-a and TSM values in Summer 2022, coinciding with the pollution event reported. The comparison of the same water quality parameters for the same period in 2021 and 2020 shows the exceptionality of the event that took place in summer 2022.

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN136] Water quality assessment of river Odra
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN136/feed

Type of Event: Other;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-07-15 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-10-11 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Luxembourg;
Affected Area: Luxembourg;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated for a retrospective assessment of an extreme flooding across Western Europe in summer 2021, which had devastating impacts on Luxembourg. Institute MeteoLux, the Luxembourgish meteorological institute, reported torrential rains broke two records for the month of July at the weather station at Luxembourg-Findel Airport. The maximum precipitation in 12 hours and 24 hours reached accumulations of 74.2 mm and 79.4 mm, beating the previous records set on 22 July 2016 of 60.4 mm / 70.6 mm. Flooding was recorded on almost all water bodies in Luxembourg. Particularly affected were the localities along the rivers Alzette and the lower Sauer. According to the Luxemburgish Water Management Agency, the one hundred year high water mark was exceeded at nine gauging stations all over the country.

The evidence of flood within Sentinel-1 images led to focus the analysis on two AOIs: AOI01-Mersch and AOI02-Bettembourg.

• A hydraulic modelling approach has been adopted to provide the temporal analysis of the occurred flood event (P06 product) in terms of maximum flood extent, maximum water depth, and flood temporal evolution estimated during the period 15 July 2021 – 17 July 2021. The model has been calibrated using two P04-Flood delineation products depicting the flood footprint extracted from Sentinel-1 acquisitions taken on the 15 July (579.6 ha in AOI01 and 576.2 ha in AOI02) and 16 July 2021 (317.4 ha in AOI01 and 229.2 ha in AOI02).
• The maximum flood extent retrieved from the hydraulic modelling is 4,729.5 ha in AOI01 and 2,100.5 ha in  AOI02. The water depth range has been estimated between 0.25 m and 2.5 m on both AOIs.
• The impact assessment analyses on assets and population has been performed based on the available reference data (i.e., transportation and building footprints) as derived from OpenStreetMap (OSM), the GlobeLand30 dataset, and the population information provided by the WorldPop dataset. The product has been delivered by reporting, in tabular form, the impacts of the maximum flood extent provided by the P06 product.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN139] Retrospective flood analysis in Luxembourg, July 2021
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN139/feed

Type of Event: Other;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-09-28 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Nigeria;
Affected Area: NE and NW Nigeria;
Event Description:

The scope of this activation is to continue and update the analysis already performed under CEMS-FLEX activations EMSN063, EMSN083 and EMSN113, providing information about the agriculture, food security and nutrition analysis situation in Northern Nigeria, in support of the WFP officers. For the 4th edition, it was required to analyse 44 AOIs (33 to be updated and 11 newly analysed) distributed between four Nigerian States: 35 AOIs located at the north-western region and 9 AOIs at the north-eastern, near Lake Chad. Due to the inaccessibility of the region caused by on-going armed conflicts, the impact of the conflict needs to be estimated for changes in cropland (loss/gain) and affected population. The analysis was performed in between the reference years of 2010 & 2022, 2017 & 2022, and 2021 & 2022.

 

Proposed solution and results

• Generation of NDVI-composite layers per NW and NE regions for each timestamp of analysis
• Update and verification of the populated sites layer based on freely available imagery and ancillary data
• Crop change analysis per populated site based on the NDVI-composite layer between 2010 & 2022, 2017 & 2022, and 2021 & 2022
• Interpolation of the population data per populated sites applying a Thiessen polygon analysis
• Analysis of population affected by cropland loss/gain

 

 

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN138] Crop change detection in conflict-affected areas of Nigeria, agricultural season 2022
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN138/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-09-09 22:45:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-09-12 16:59:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Ceuta, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the “Área de Coordinación de Emergencias y Protección Civil de Ceuta” following the forest fire that broke out in the Autonomous City of Ceuta (Spain) on 09 September 2022. The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products and to assess the post-disaster erosion risk.  

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 119.98 ha burnt, of which 36.74 ha have been slightly damaged, 34.25 ha moderately damaged, 38.99 highly damaged and 9.99 ha have been destroyed.

The P16-Post-Disaster Soil Erosion Risk Assessment shows that the soil loss susceptibility is very low in some sectors of the AOI, but the risk is severe for other vast parts which is the case concerning the area affected by the fire.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN137] Wildfire in Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN137/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-07-24 17:15:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-08-08 17:58:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: San Juan de la Nava, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the government of Castilla y León region (Spain), following the forest fire that broke out in the municipalities of San Juan de la Nava and El Barraco (Ávila) on 24th of July 2022. The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products and to assess the post-disaster erosion risk.

The fire reached the Level 2 of a danger scale ranging from 0 to 3. The adverse weather condition and the wind contributed to the flames spreading quickly and reaching the nearby town of El Barraco. The fire was declared extinguished after six days, on 30 July 2022. Due to the ecological value of the affected area, the government of Castilla y León requested the following RRM Standard products: P07 Wildfire delineation and grading,  P14 Impact assessment on assets and population, P15 Detailed impact assessment on forests, and P16 Soil erosion risk analysis.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population and the P15-Impact assessment analysis on selected aspect show that the fire ravaged inside an unpopulated area, but the village of El Barraco were under threat. The fire mostly affected mixed vegetation forest (conifers and broadleaves) areas, but also Juniper tree areas. Agricultural areas seem to be significantly affected with 123.36 ha, almost 10% of all agricultural areas in the AOI.

The P16-Post-Disaster Soil Erosion Risk Assessment shows that the soil susceptibility is mostly very low over the AOI. But the area affected by the fire presents a severe risk after the event. 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN135] Forest fire in San Juan de la Nava, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN135/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-07-25 15:15:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-08-05 15:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Carcastillo, Spain;
Event Description:

This CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard activation has been requested to provide damage delineation and grading product over the municipality of Carcastillo, in the region of Navarra (Spain), which was hit by a forest fire on 25th July 2022, started around 13:20 (local time).

According to the news, the forest fire was most probably arson and hit a pine forest and several fields that had already been cut. The Level 2 of the Forest Fire Emergency Plan has been activated and a large number of firefighters and air resources have tried to control the fire for a few days: six aircraft from the Spanish Government's Ministry of Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge, three helicopters from the government of Navarra and one from the government of Aragon. 

The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation and the damage assessment over Carcastillo (AOI01).

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product shows the delineation of the burnt area and the associated level of damage as derived from post-event optical VHR images. The analysis resulted in 341.07 ha burnt, of which 304.38 ha were only slightly damaged, 26.38 ha moderately damaged, 8.69 ha highly damaged, and 1.60 ha destroyed.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population provides an asset and population impact assessment analysis following the fire in Carcastillo. The analysis was carried out on the basis of reference datasets and LULC information. The main outputs of this product were the general statistics on the assets and population affected by the event, resulting from the spatial intersection between the event and the reference strata. The summary statistics are presented in tabular form. In terms of area, the greatest damage was suffered by permanently irrigated land (247.89 hectares) and coniferous forests (71.02 hectares).

Further information is provided in the Technical Report, available for download below.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN134] Forest fire in Carcastillo, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN134/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-07-14 15:15:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-07-30 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Caceres, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fires that broke out in the municipalities of Casas de Miravete and Jerte – Caceres, in the region of Extremadura (Spain), between 14 and 16 July 2022. Several hectares of the Monfragüe National park and the Reserva Natural de la Garganta de los Infiernos were burnt.

The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation and the damage assessment over two AOIs: AOI01-Casas de Miravete and AOI02-Jerte.

The P07 Wildfire delineation and grading products have been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. In AOI01-CASAS DE MIRAVETE the analysis resulted in 2793.14 ha burnt, of which 85.40 ha only slightly damaged, 310.71 ha moderately damaged, 1053.59 ha highly damaged and 1343.44 ha destroyed. While in AOI02-JERTE, the results were 161.78 ha burnt, of which 88.07 ha only slightly damaged, 48.24 ha moderately damaged, 15.68 ha highly damaged, and 9.79 ha destroyed.

  

The P14 Impact assessment analysis on assets and population in AOI01-CASAS DE MIRAVETE shows that a total of 34 residential buildings and 77.7km of transportation network (mainly cart tracks) were impacted. In terms of area, the highest damage was registered in the Sclerophyllous vegetation (1406.7 ha), Broad-leaved forest (366.1 ha) and Natural grasslands (342.3 ha). These are as well the predominant LULC categories in the AOI.

In AOI02-JERTE,  the impact assessment shows that buildings were not impacted by the fire. On the other hand, the transportation network was affected with most of the features concerning cart tracks and no driveway paths/trails. Because the fire ravaged a hilly unpopulated area it affected mainly the natural assets. In terms of area, the highest damage was verified in sclerophyllous vegetated areas (7.3 ha destroyed and 10.5 ha high damage) and broad-leaved forests (2.5 ha destroyed and 4.7 ha high damage). The fire did not affect grasslands or olive groves, but some minor areas (0.1 ha) of fruit tree plantations were slightly impacted.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN133] Forest fires in Caceres, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN133/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-06-18 15:30:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-06-21 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Arguedas, Navarra region, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in the in the municipality of Arguedas and Valtierra in the region of Navarra (Spain), on 18^th June 2022. It affected several grain fields, coniferous forest, several warehouses and a nature amusement park, where more than 2,500 people had to be evacuated.

The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation and the damage assessment.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 2131.4 ha burnt, of which 1873.4 ha only slightly damaged, 237.2 moderately damaged, 17.3 ha highly damaged, and 3.5 ha destroyed.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows the event mostly affected natural landscape and the populated area around the cities of Valtierra and Arguedas. The fire affected a total of 62 residential buildings impacted and also a high number of non-residential and farm buildings. 85.6km of transportation network was impacted (mainly cart tracks). In terms of area, the highest total damage was suffered in the Coniferous Forest (1037.3 ha) and Sclerophyllous vegetation (671.8 ha).

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN131] Forest fire in Arguedas, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN131/feed

Type of Event: Other (Multiple natural hazards risk);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-04-05 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Greece;
Affected Area: Delphi Landscape, Protection Zone A and Archaeological Site, Olympia Landscape and Archaeological Site;
Event Description:

The present activation aims at supporting the Greece National Secretariat for Civil Protection to develop civil protection plans for archaeological sites facing climate change and its effects with a multi-risk analysis. It focusses on two major Greek archaeological sites and UNESCO World Heritage sites, Delphi and Ancient Olympia, both being prone to the below-mentioned multitude of natural hazards that are most likely to intensify and become more extreme under the impact of climate change. Results will be used not only to prepare and improve contingency and management plans for a better preparedness in case of occurring hazards, but also to develop concrete evacuation and protection plan for visitors and employees at the archaeological sites in case of emergency. 

The following hazards were analysed:

• forest fires,
• plain floods,
• flash floods,
• earthquakes,
• landslides,
• soil erosion. 

The multi-risk analysis has resulted in the following products.

P01 - Reference dataset, produced through photointerpretation of VHR1 optical imagery and supported with available auxiliary data (OSM, Census, Cadastral, CLC, etc), that consists in a Geodatabase containing the feature classes representing the up-to-date reference situation for:

• Hydrology: rivers, lakes;
• Toponyms, administrative and statistical boundaries;
• Physiography: contours and spot heights;
• Reference Buildings (Building footprints: hospitals, schools, government, religious, accommodation, etc.);
• Transport (roads, cart tracks, trails, bridges, vehicles parkings);
• Industry, Airport, Port, Warehouses and Utilities;
• LULC, the features correspond to the CORINE Land Cover level 3 classes.

P02 – Multi-hazard assessment, consisting in the production of Hazard extents and maps through the modelling of the above-mentioned natural hazards (below, an example of earthquake hazard for the greater Delphi region).

P03 - Identification, classification, and quantification of exposure to people and assets per each hazard type, resulting from the combination of P01 and P02 to provide the analysis of exposures and vulnerabilities over the population, businesses and most relevant infrastructures affected by the potential hazards.

P04 – Risk analysis per each hazard type, to determine the individual risk of people and assets based on the combination of hazard, exposure and vulnerability for each of the six (6) natural hazards (some examples below).

 

 

 

 

P05 - Evacuation plans for the archeological sites of Delphi and Ancient Olympia. It is based on the routing of most efficient and safest transportation lines and the determination and characterization of suitable gathering sites. Starting points are settled at the archeological sites and analysis is conducted for three (3) scenarios:

• forest fire,
• flash/plain flood and respective landslides and
• earthquake and respective landslide.

 

 

Numbers and statistics regarding population exposure (for low and high tourism seasons), assets exposure, risk information, and evacuation plans - including initial countermeasures - can be found in the technical report.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN128] Multi-risk analyses for Delphi and Ancient Olympia archaeological sites in Greece
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN128/feed

Type of Event: Forest fire, wild fire;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-06-07 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-06-09 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Pujerra, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in the region of Andalucía (Spain) on 7^th of June 2022. Within the municipalities of Pujerra, Juzcar and Benahavís (Málaga) more than 5,000 hectares of wooden areas have burnt. The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 5068.35 ha burnt, of which 960.32 ha have been only slightly damaged, 1214.61 ha moderately damaged, 1885.56 ha highly damaged and 1007.86 ha destroyed.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the fire ravaged inside an unpopulated area, but the community of Benahavis and the village of Pujerra were under threat. Only one isolated building is located inside the burnt area. Most of the affected transportation network concerns car tracks and no driveways (unpaved cart tracks presumably serving the local agriculture, forestry and tourism industry). The fire mostly affected coniferous forest areas and sclerophyllous vegetation, they are the two most common vegetation types in the AOI. The fire did not affect permanent agricultural fields but some fruit trees plantations and olive groves were impacted.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN130] Wildfires in Pujerra, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN130/feed

Type of Event: Other;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-07-05 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: United States, Brazil, Zambia, France, China;
Affected Area: Multiple locations: Montgomery (Illinois, USA), Vista Verde (Sao José dos Campos, Brazil), Mulobela (Lusaka, Zambia), Poitiers (France), Jinxiang (Jinxiang County, China);
Event Description:

CEMS Risk and Recovery Mapping service has been activated by DG Joint Research Centre with the aim to source high-quality reference dataset to establish the new Exposure Mapping component of the Copernicus Emergency Management Service. The outputs of this activation will be used for the establishment of the service (including tender preparation and eventually assessment), Global Human Settlement Layer2 (GHSL) validation, and training. 

The analysis will focus on 5 sample areas distributed across regions of the world that show heterogeneous human settlement characteristics in terms of built-up surface structures, level of planned development, formality, economic affluence, landscape, and building typologies among others.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN132] Copernicus Exposure Mapping (GHSL) reference data
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN132/feed

Type of Event: Volcanic activity (Lava flow);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-05-06 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-05-06 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Portugal;
Affected Area: Sao Jorge Island, Azores, Portugal;
Event Description:

The island of São Jorge in the Azores archipelago (Portugal) has been on a V4 high alert since the 23rd March 2022 due to a seismic-volcanic crisis that started on the 19th of the same month, located from Ponta dos Rosais to Norte Pequeno - Silveira area. The most energetic earthquake of this crisis occurred on March 29th, with an epicenter at about 2 km SSW of Velas and a magnitude of 3.8 (Richter). So far, around 271 earthquakes felt by the population have been identified.

Under such circunstances, the Autoridade Nacional de Emergência e Proteção Civil (ANEPC), on behalf of the Serviço Regional de Proteção Civil e Bombeiros dos Açores (SRPCBA), activated the Emergency Management Service – Risk and Recovery Mapping with the aim to produce a volcanic risk assessment in São Jorge. The assessment will provide the level of susceptibility estimation for population and infrastructures in the island, by simulating potential lava flow pathways, that will be used to support the emergency management operations, namely for planning of the mitigation and preparedness phases to deal with a possible eruptive event.

This activation EMSN129 includes the following products:

P01 - Reference dataset that consists of a Geodatabase containing the feature classes representing the up-to-date reference situation based on photointerpretation of VHR1 optical imagery from 2020-2021, and supported on available support data (OSM, Census, Cadastral, CLC, etc), including hydrology, toponyms, physiography, building footprints, transport, industry and utilities, LULC.

P02 - Volcanic hazard assessment, consists in the production of Hazard maps through the modelling of the lava flows extents for each of the seven vent locations (lava sources indicated by the user) using the Q-LavHa model and the available DTM with a resolution of 0.5 m which was resampled to 5m for the modelling.

P03 - Exposure to people and assets, results from the combination of reference dataset and hazard maps to provide the analysis of exposures and vulnerabilities over the population (low/high season), businesses and most relevant infrastructures affected by the potential lava flows.

 

Main outcomes of the activation are vector data and maps containing reference information, population exposure (for low and high tourism seasons), and assets exposures relative to the seven different lava sources.

Results show that the most damaging eruption would be in Velas with more exposed population and assets than for any other lava source location. The less damaging eruption would be originated in the Toledo lava source.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN129] Volcanic risk assessment in Sao Jorge, Azores
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN129/feed

Type of Event: Other (Asset mapping);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-02-16 01:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Austria;
Affected Area: Austria;
Event Description:

BEAM (Basic European Assets Map) provides a spatial data package for the estimation and comparison of real and potential damages caused by natural disasters. BEAM is based on spatial and statistical data available throughout Europe (Corine Land Cover, Urban Atlas) and enriched by national statistics information. The data model follows an approach, that can be applied across Europe, and is scalable from local to regional and national analysis. Data are stored as assets in monetary values per area unit (€/m²). The complete BEAM information comprises different asset layers representing assets for various economic sectors, enabling the application of hazard specific damage (vulnerability) functions on individual BEAM layers. BEAM is composed of two major components: the asset data derived from the statistics and the land use and land cover data associated with them.

The objective of the EMSN-123 activation is the production of the BEAM dataset for the country of Austria based on the most up-to-date asset layers and statistics available.

The steps followed to create the BEAM dataset for Austrtia were:

• Collection and preparation of geospatial input layers: LULC of Urban Atlas and Corine Land Cover, accompanied by national data and OpenStreetMap
• Collection and preparation of socio-economic data covering information on e.g. population, housing, vehicles, industry, services & trade and agriculture from EUROSTAT and Statistics Austria.
• Derivation of asset layers
• Calculation of the normalized BEAM values

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN123] Nation-wide asset mapping for Austria based on Basic European Assets Map (BEAM)
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN123/feed

Type of Event: Volcanic activity (Ground deformation);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-09-11 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-12-26 01:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: La Palma Isalnd, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Mapping service has been newly activated to continue monitoring the ground deformation of La Palma island (Cumbre Vieja region), Spain, after the end of the eruption phase (started on 19 September 2021 and ended on 25 December 2021). The eruption period has been the longest on the island since records began. Voluminous lava flows reached populated areas, fanning out across settlements and banana plantations, destroying thousands of buildings, and ultimately pouring over steep cliffs into the ocean.

The ground deformation during the eruption phase was monitored in activation EMSN112. The results of this activation aim to support the monitoring performed by the user and complement the results obtained from Sentinel-1 data by the IGN (Spanish National Geographic Institute). In this recovery and damage assessment phase, post-event soil erosion and landslide risk assessment products were also requested.

Post-event Soil erosion risk assessment (P16) and Landslide risk assessment (P17) were delivered for the area affected by the lava flow that is in the southern region of the island. To generate these products, it has been necessary to update the land cover dataset by generating the post-event LULC CLC (P03.2). The event reconfigured the island physiognomy creating more than 40 hectares of new land and also deeply changed the soil characteristics directly affecting the soil erosion risk. While before the eruption it was estimated that most of the affected area was mainly characterized by severe risk, today the lava flow has caused a massive change in the soil erosion risk, destroying urban areas and turning other soil erosion prone areas into solid bare rock. The lava flow increased the soil cohesion leading to a significant increase of the area associated to a Very Low risk (+3,259% from 35 ha to 1220 ha), occupying 100% of the affected area.

 

In terms of post-event landslide risk, currently, very low and low risk areas are the most representative in the southern side of La Palma (24,905 ha in total, i.e. 81.68% of the entire area). Moderate risk areas represent 10.90% of the analysed area, while 6.31% is classified as high landslide risk. The comparative analyses shows that the event did not promote the susceptibility of the occurrence of landslide events in the area affected, even conferred a slight stabilization of the slope and land cover fundamental to mitigate the possibility of a landslide occurrence.

Thirty-nine interferometric SAR images acquired during the post-eruption phase (from December 2021 to October 2022) by TerraSAR-X and PAZ satellites were processed to deliver no-standard Ground deformation analysis products (P12), i.e. LOS (Line Of Sight) displacement, coherence and interferogram products. Among these 39 results, two examples have been included in a Mapbook (P13), showing the LOS displacement all over the island, and detailed maps of the coherence and interferogram focused on the most affected area in the proximity of the volcano.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN124] Ground deformation monitoring in La Palma Island (post-eruption of Cumbre Vieja), Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN124/feed

Type of Event: Flood (Simulation);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-04-12 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-04-12 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Iraq;
Affected Area: Bagdad and regions north of Bagdad, Erbil;
Event Description:

This Copernicus EMS Risk & Recovery Mapping STD activation was triggered by Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK), Germany on behalf of The Technical Relief Agency (THW) that is active in Iraq since November 2013. One of the main use would be to support a joint exercise with local authorities in Bagdad and Erbil, region north of Bagdad.

The first exercise aims at simulating a dam breach at Lake Hamrin (north of Bagdad and the city of Baqubah). THW would like to know whether a potential flood wave, caused by such a dam breach, would potentially affect (i) the city of Baqubah or even (ii) the airport in the western part of Bagdad. The second exercise, which will consist of mapping, will take place in the city of Shaqlawa near Erbil, and will require detailed reference maps.

According to the End User’s (EU) request, the activation focuses on the 3 following AOIs:

1. AOI01: SHAQLAWA (93 km²)
2. AOI02: BAQUBAH (98 km²)
3. AOI03: HAMRIN-BAGHDAD (1,976 km²)

The delivered RRM Standard products are:

• P02-Reference datasets over the city of Shaqlawa (1:5000) and Baqubah (1:10000)

• Dam break simulation at Hamrin Lake and modellization (P05) of the maximum flood extent and depth up to Baghdad.

• Mapbooks (P13) for displaying respective results on detailed maps

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN122] Dam break simulation, Iraq
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN122/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-02-03 01:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Afghanistan, Tajikistan;
Affected Area: Panj River in the Tajik Afghan border region;
Event Description:

The activation aims to support Deutsche Welthungerhilfe e. V. within the context of hazard identification and management activities by providing detailed information on infrastructure (buildings and road network) and agricultural activity (field delineation, crop mapping, and productivity), in order to better identify potential risks that may endanger food security, and mitigation measures that enable better resilience in the fragile environment of the AOIs. The AOIs are located in the Badakhshan province in the north-eastern of Afghanistan and bordering with Tajikistan, on both sides of the Panj River. The region is situated at an altitude of 2,500 - 3,000 m is characterised by steep terrain, dry summers and wet winters. Precipitation effects such as mudslides threaten settlements and agricultural fields hence negatively impacting the prosperity of local population.

The following products were generated:

• Mapping of buildings, houses, infrastructures based on VHR optical satellite images to provide an up-to-date situational picture.
• Generation of a mapbook containing 41 detail maps in a scale of 1:10,000 showing the up-to-date situational picture of buildings and infrastructure elements.
• Mapping and semi-automatic delineation of agricultural plots based on VHR data and machine learning based classification/ differentiation of the crop types Potato, Wheat and Other using a S2 timeline analysis over the vegetation period of 2021. In order to reflect the situation of the agricultural season 2022, an update was conducted.
• Computation of land productivity using a S2 timeline analysis over the vegetation period of 2021.

   

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN120] Preparedness studies for resilience in the Ishkashim area at the border of Afghanistan and Tajikistan
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN120/feed

Type of Event: Volcanic activity (Lava flow);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-09-19 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-01-18 01:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: La Palma Island, Spain;
Event Description:

On September 19th 2021, an eruption on the Cumbre Vieja volcanic ridge started southwest of La Palma, Canary Island, Spain. After 85 days of activity, it stopped on December 13th 2021 and the eruption was officially declared to have ended on December 25th, 2021. Over 7,000 people were evacuated and the lava flow covered an area of about 3.5 km at its widest point and 6.2 km long, affecting over 1,200 hectares. It reached the sea in two different locations forming two new peninsulas. During the eruption, approximately 3,000 buildings and 70 km of transportation infrastructure were destroyed. In this context, the Copernicus Emergency Management Service was activated to support the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, with the aim to generate updated high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEM) that show the recent changes caused by the volcanic eruption of the Cumbre Vieja volcano.

The following products were generated in order to serve the purpose of the activation.

• DEM generation (P1) based on TanDEM-X CoSSC satellite image during the event on 22.11.2021 (T1).
• Post-event DEM generation (P1) based on optical tri-stereo satellite images on 31.12.2021 (T2) and 03.02.2022 (T3).
• Elevation change (P2) comparing each generated DEM with a pre-event DEM as well as calculating the elevation difference between the generated DEMs.
• Calculation of the thickness and volume of the lava flow (P3) comparing each generated DEM with a pre-event DEM as well as calculating the elevation difference between the generated DEMs. 
• Time Average Discharge Rate (P04), showing the effusion rate of the eruption, was calculated between 22.11.2021, 31.12.2021, and the immediate pre-event situation. Additionally, the TADR was derived between 31.12.2021 and 22.11.2021.

 

DEM comparing the cone area in pre-event (left) and post-event conditions

​

Elevation change along the coast(upper) and in the cone area (lower)

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN119] Digital Elevation Models of the Cumbre Vieja Volcano in La Palma, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN119/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2022-01-03 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2022-01-03 17:37:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Mozambique;
Affected Area: Pemba, Mozambique;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the European Commission DG ECHO, on behalf of the World Food Programme (WFP) Mozambique, with the final objective to improve food security in the northern provinces of Cabo Delgado, Nampula and Niassa. To reach this goal, WFP will conduct an exercise to assess vulnerabilities of IDPs and their hosting communities. One of the target population is the one living in the urban area of Pemba, for which the user requires detailed maps to facilitate consultations with community leaders to identify the households to visit. Hence, the objective of the CEMS RRM STD activation is to support the WFP in the massive data collection exercise through the provision of detailed reference dataset products over the Pemba area.

This will be attained using satellite imagery to generate products that will support the assessment of IDPs vulnerabilities, identifying the requested households to ease communication with community leader.

The P02.1-Reference dataset product is generated through photointerpretation of VHR satellite images and provides comprehensive information on assets and population.

 

The P13 - Ready to print maps and map books for field campaigns product includes 96 detail maps with a scale of 1:5,000 over the P02 product.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN118] Detailed reference data analysis in Pemba area, Mozambique
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN118/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-12-01 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Nigeria;
Affected Area: NE and NW Nigeria;
Event Description:

The scope of the activation is to support the WFP officers with geospatial analysis regarding the agriculture and food security situation and nutrition analysis in 57 AOIs, including the update for 5 AOIs that were already analysed under activation EMSN-063 and EMSN-083, spread between nine Nigerian States: 36 AOIs located at the north-western region (NW) and 21 AOIs at the north-eastern (NE) of Nigeria, near Lake Chad. Due to the inaccessibility of the region caused by on-going armed conflicts, the impact of the conflict needs to be estimated for changes in cropland (loss/gain) and affected population. The analysis was performed in between the reference years of 2010 & 2021, 2017 & 2021, and 2020 & 2021. 

NDVI composite showing a significant cropland decrease between 2020 & 2021

Proposed solution and results

• Generation of NDVI-composite layers per NW and NE regions for each timestamp of analysis
• Update and verification of the populated sites layer based on freely available imagery and data
• Crop change analysis per populated site based on the NDVI-composite layer between 2010 & 2021, 2017 & 2021, and 2020 & 2021
• Interpolation of the population data per populated sites applying a Thiessen polygon analysis
• Analysis of population affected by cropland loss/gain

Population distribution per populated site

Populated sites affected by cropland change by timeframe and location

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN113] Crop change detection in conflict-affected areas of Nigeria, agricultural season 2021
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN113/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-12-20 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Sudan;
Affected Area: ;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated by the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC).

The objective of this activation is to generate products that will enable humanitarian actors to understand the situation in the area.

This activation is sensitive, so no product or result will be published.

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN117] Humanitarian crisis in West Darfur, Sudan
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN117/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-12-08 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Syria;
Affected Area: ;
Event Description:

This request comes in the framework of the Syria Urban Recovery Framework Project developed by the EU Delegation, UN-Habitat and partners. The aim is to provide detailed mapping of the damage assessment of buildings and reconstruction monitoring in urban areas in Syria.

The maps will be used in the frame of the above-mentioned project, to better assess the needs in terms of shelter recovery and future reconstruction when a political settlement is firmly underway.

This activation is sensitive so no product or map will be published.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN115] Damage assessment in Syria
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN115/feed

Type of Event: Flood (Tsunami and storm surges hazard);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-12-16 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: ;
Event Description:

The Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) has triggered the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS) Risk and Recovery Mapping to develop tsunami risk analysis along the Mediterranean coast of Andalusia.

This activation is sensitive so no product or map will be published.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN116] Tsunami preparedness in Andalusia Mediterranean Coast, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN116/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-12-02 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Sudan;
Affected Area: Sudan;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by DG ECHO (Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations) as Authorized User (AU), on behalf of the Norwegian Refugee Council (Sudan) as the End User (EU). The objective of the activation is to assess areas in Sudan hit by humanitarian crisis.

This activation is sensitive, so no product or result will be published.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN114] Humanitarian crisis in Sudan
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN114/feed

Type of Event: Mass movement (Rockfall);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2020-11-14 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-04-30 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Argaga beach in the municipality of Valle Gran Rey, La Gomera (Canary Islands, Spain);
Event Description:

EMSN093 was activated   to demonstrate that satellite-derived data can be used to study small-medium sized rockfalls, as the one occurred in Valle Gran Rey of the La Gomera island (Canary Islands, Spain) on the 14^th of November 2021. Moreover, the results will support local authorities by offering information on the potential hazard of the area, to carry out the adequate management plans.

The products resulting from this activation are:

Product 2 Pre-event DEM extracted using photogrammetric methodologies on the stereo VHR images acquired the 21/05/2020.
Product 3 Post-event DEM extracted using photogrammetric methodologies on the stereo VHR images acquired the 29/05/2021.
Product 4: Delineation of rockfall extent The delineation of the rockfall extent, obtained using multi-source data approach. The rockfall area was divided into three zones the source area of the rocks, the the runout area where the rocks were deposited and the submerge area.
Product 5 The estimated rockfall generated mass volume difference generated from the substruction of the VHR pre-event DEM and post-event DEM.
Product 6 Map the rockfall / rockslide hazard in the whole area of interest using ISVS susceptibility index. The index considers geological, geomorphological and geomechanical characteristics of rock mas lithotypes.
Product 7 The product summarizes assets and population exposed to rockfall hazard by delineation of their uphill hazard zones and zonal aggregation of the hazard susceptibility levels.
Product 8 The map provides rockfall risk by extending the ISVS index using the rockfall risk index for volcanic slopes (IRVS) following the methodology of de Vallejo et al. (2020). Assets and population at risk are summarized. Tourists are accounted considering two scenarios: overnight stays in high (December) and low (July) touristic season.
Product 9 The time series of PS/DS located in the rockfall area, obtained through the Multi-Temporal Interferometry analysis, exhibits an acceleration started several months before the rockfall event (14 November 2020). After the rockfall, the time series is noisy since the associated PS has lost its coherence (temporary PS). This confirms the potential of MTI as an operative displacement monitoring tool.

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN093] Rockfall risk analysis in Valle Gran Rey, La Gomera (Spain)
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN093/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian (Population displacement (IDP));
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2017-10-05 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-09-14 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Mozambique;
Affected Area: ;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated by EEAS (European External Action Service) on behalf of the World Bank Group in order to support EU Delegation, World Bank, UN and AfDB in a Recovery and Peace Building Assessment. This aims at understanding causes of the conflict in the North of Mozambique, and at developing a strategy for future Government’s intervention in the area. The ongoing conflict in Cabo Delgado Province started in October 2017 with attacks by insurgents. The attacks have since escalated and gained in range and sophistication. Thousands of people have died and hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced.

The goal of the activation was to support the RPBA through the monitoring of the Internally Displaced Person (IDP) camps within ten AOIs in Cabo Delgado Province, to analyse their status and composition, and to focus on the land use land cover changes before and after the camps settlement.

The P03.5-LULC: CLC @1:25000 (NEW) and P03.2-LULC: CLC @1:25000 (UPDATE) products provide the land use land cover map created by using pre- or post-event VHR optical images and replicating the Corine Land Cover (CLC) model.

Detail of P03.5 (pre-event) LULC in AOI04-Nanjua-B. Situation as of 07.05.2020	Detail of P03.2 (post-event) LULC in AOI04-Nanjua-B. Situation as of 20.09.2021

The P19-Population displacement location products are generated through photointerpretation of VHR satellite images and provide information about identified camp types (e.g. permanent, temporary, IDP camps, etc…), their composition (e.g. tents, shelters, facilities, etc…), estimated population and density.

The P14-Impact assessment/ exposure analyses on assets and population products describe the impact of camps on Land Use Land Cover (LULC).

The P13- Ready to print maps and map books for field campaigns products include detail maps of each of the P19 products generated, with a focus on the mapped camps.

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN107] IDP camps monitoring and assessment in Mozambique
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN107/feed

Type of Event: Volcanic activity (Lava flow);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-09-11 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-09-15 13:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: La Palma Isalnd, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard activation has been initially requested to monitor the ground deformation occurring due to a seismic swarm event that started on the 11^th September 2021, in the southern side of La Palma island (Cumbre Vieja region), Spain. In the following days, thousands of small earthquakes and ground deformation phenomena were indicating that there was restless magma under the ground. Hence, on the 14^th September, the emergency plan PEVOLCA (Plan de Prevención del Riesgo Volcánico en Canarias) raised the alert for this possible event from green to yellow grade. Finally, on 19^th September the expected eruption occurred and last for more than three months (it was declared over only on 13^th December 2021), leading to the evacuation of thousands of people. Despite the volcanic eruption finally occurred, the user confirmed the need to monitor the ongoing ground deformation of La Palma island, and to be provided with soil erosion and landslide risk assessment products referring to the pre-event situation, to be compared with the post-event situation.

The RRM Standard products delivered are:

• Pre-event P16-Soil erosion risk assessment and P17-Landslide risk assessment were delivered for the whole island, divided into Northern and Southern areas. The resulting pre-event soil erosion risk assessment reveals that more than 50% of the island was characterised by severe risk, while about 28% by very low risk. In terms of pre-event landslide risk, moderate and high levels have been found in the Northern area, while very low and low levels in the Southern region.

  

• Eighteen interferometric SAR images acquired during the volcano eruption by COSMO-SkyMed sensors and TerraSAR-X and PAZ satellites were processed to deliver no-standard P12-Ground deformation analysis products, i.e. LOS (Line Of Sight) displacement, coherence and interferogram products. Among these 18 results, two interesting examples were shown in a P13-Mapbook, showing the LOS displacement all over the island, and detailed maps of the coherence and interferogram focused on the most affected area in the proximity of the volcano.

* Due to the large volume of the results, ground deformation products will be made available under request.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN112] Ground deformation in La Palma Island, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN112/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-04-23 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-07-02 16:22:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: United Kingdom;
Affected Area: County Down, Northern Ireland;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery STANDARD has been activated by the EU Delegation to UK and Northern Ireland as Authorized User (AU), on behalf of the End User (EU) that is the Northern Ireland Executive.

The event was a 3km wide wildfire in the Mourne Mountains of County Down which ran from 23 April (start) to 25 April 2021 (main fires extinguished).

This activation aimed at delineating the extent of the fire trough the RRM STANDARD product wildfire delineation and grading (P07) and providing an estimate of Land Use Land Cover impact with the impact assessment (P14) product.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event HR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 277.4 ha burnt, of which 151.6 ha only slightly damaged, 116 ha moderately damaged and 9.8 ha highly damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the fire ravaged inside an unpopulated area. The nearby city of Newcastle falls only with a small part within the boundary of the provided AOI. The vegetation in the burned area consists mainly of heath, pastures, and sparsely vegetated area. The damage to forests was minimal. No buildings and no transportation infrastructure were affected by the fire, except for a few hiking trails.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN111] Wildfire in Mourne Mountains, Northern Ireland
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN111/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-08-18 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-09-01 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Alburquerque, Badajoz region, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in the in the municipality of Alburquerque in the region of Badajoz (Spain), on 18^th August 2021. It spread in different directions, burning cultivated areas, grassland and mountains, until it was extinguished on 22^nd August.  

The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation and the damage assessment.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 607 ha burnt, of which 467 ha only slightly damaged, 122 ha moderately damaged, and 18 ha highly damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the fire ravaged inside an unpopulated area. Only the surrounding area of Alburquerque is located within the boundaries of the AOI, leading to a low population estimation within the AOI itself. The fire affected 13 km of cart tracks. Nearby towns were not damaged, however, several isolated industrial buildings were affected. In terms of area, the highest total damage was suffered in the Sclerophyllous vegetation (171.7 ha) and Broad-leaved forest (182.4 ha).

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN110] Wildfire in Alburquerque, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN110/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-08-16 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-09-01 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Alcaracejos, Cordoba-Andalucia region, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in the in the municipality of Alcaracejos, in the region of Cordoba-Andalucía (Spain), on 16^th August 2021. According to Infoca Plan, the initial damage assessment resulted in about 610 ha burnt; the fire not only destroyed an important hunting land in the area and numerous mountains, but it also caused material losses suffered by the neighbouring farmhouses, chalets, agricultural holdings and farms of area.

The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation and the damage assessment.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 601.9 ha burnt, of which 385.5 ha only slightly damaged, 204.9 ha moderately damaged, and 11.5 ha highly damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the fire ravaged inside an unpopulated area. Only the surrounding area of Alcaracejos is located within the boundaries of the AOI, leading to a low population estimation within the AOI itself. The fire affected 1.3 km primary road, 4.2 km cart track, 0.1 km path. Nearby towns were not damaged, however, several isolated industrial buildings were affected. The largest damaged area was covered by Sclerophyllous vegetation and Olive groves.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN109] Wildfire in Alcaracejos, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN109/feed

Type of Event: Other;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-08-17 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-09-01 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: San Felices de los Gallegos, Salamanca region, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in the Spanish province of Salamanca (Spain), on 17th August 2021. Active flames were located in San Felices de los Gallegos and Bañobárez, as well as in the areas known as La Granja and Los Navazos, on the edge of the Arribes del Duero natural park. The presence of several outbreaks suggests that it could have been an intentional fire.

The goal of the activation has been to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation and the damage assessment.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 1608.22 ha burnt, of which 1596.21 ha only slightly damaged and 12.01 ha moderately damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the damage from the fire has not been serious. The largest damaged area was covered by sclerophyllous vegetation. Damage to the agricultural sector was minimal, but several warehouse buildings were affected.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN108] Wildfire in San Felices de los Gallegos, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN108/feed

Type of Event: Flood;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-07-13 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-08-16 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Germany;
Affected Area: Solingen North Rhine Westphalia area, Germany;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated for a retrospective assessment of the flood event that took place in Solingen (North Rhine Westphalia area, Germany). A series of storm events throughout June and July 2021 left the ground saturated, followed by heavy rainfalls from the 12^th July and particularly on the 14^th July 2021. A severe flood event occurred over the next few days along the Moselle, Rhine and Ruhr rivers. The Germany’s weather service Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) reported that at least 7 locations recorded more than 150 mm of rain in 72 hours to 15th July 2021. The period considered for the analysis is between the 13^th July and the 16^th July 2021.

Proposed solution and results

• A hydraulic modelling approach has been adopted to provide the temporal analysis of the occurred flood event (P06 product) in terms of maximum flood extent, maximum water depth, and flood temporal evolution estimated during the period 13^th July 2021 – 16^th July 2021. The model has been calibrated using two P04-Flood delineation products depicting the flood footprint extracted from Sentinel-1 acquisitions taken on the 15^th July (517 ha) and the 16^th July 2021 (269 ha)
• The maximum flood extent retrieved from the hydraulic modelling is 1340 ha. The water depth range has been estimated between 0.25 m and 1.7 m (0.45 m on average)

Figure 1 : P06 Temporal analyses of the occurred flood event 

Figure 2 : Comparison between the flood extent and depth provided by the P04 product (top) and the flood extent (middle) derived from the hydraulic modelling (P06 product) on the peak date, i.e. on 15.07.2021. (Bottom) Maximum flood extent and depth provided by the P06 product

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN105] Floods in Solingen, Germany
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN105/feed

Type of Event: Other (Asset mapping);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-07-06 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Sweden;
Affected Area: Sweden;
Event Description:

BEAM (Basic European Assets Map) provides a spatial data package for the estimation and comparison of real and potential damages caused by natural disasters. BEAM is based on spatial and statistical data available throughout Europe (Corine Land Cover, Urban Atlas) and enriched by national statistics information. The data model follows an approach, that can be applied across Europe, and is scalable from local to regional and national analysis. Data are stored as assets in monetary values per area unit (€/m²). The complete BEAM information comprises different asset layers representing assets for various economic sectors, enabling the application of hazard specific damage (vulnerability) functions on individual BEAM layers. BEAM is composed of two major components: the asset data derived from the statistics and the land use and land cover data associated with them.

The objective of the EMSN098 activation is the production of the BEAM dataset for the country of Sweden based on the most up-to-date asset layers and statistics available.

Proposed solution and results

• Collection and preparation of geospatial input layers: LULC of Urban Atlas and Corine Land Cover, accompanied by data from the National Land Cover Database of Sweden and OpenStreetMap
• Collection and preparation of socio-economic data covering information on e.g. population, housing, vehicles, industry, services & trade and agriculture from EUROSTAT and the national statistics agency of Sweden
• Derivation of asset layers
• Calculation of the normalized BEAM values

 

BEAM example: Greater Stockholm area (Detail from the Stockholm County Map)

General concept of BEAM asset and their use in risk assessment

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN098] Nation-wide asset mapping for Sweden
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN098/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-08-21 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-08-24 14:15:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Ezcaray, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out over the municipality of Ezcaray in La Rioja region (North-Eastern Spain), started on the 21^st August 2021 at about 13:20 (local time) and it was extinguished on the 23^rd August. More than 100 hectares were affected in the Monte San Lorenzo, produced by two outbreaks in the Ezcaray area between Posadas and Azárrulla.

The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 78.98 ha burnt in the AOI, of which 5.15 ha only slightly damaged, 68.50 ha moderately damaged, and 5.33 ha highly damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the main transportation network is characterised by unpaved cart tracks presumably serving the local agriculture, forestry, energy, and tourism industry. In terms of area, moors and heathland suffered the highest total damage, but they are also the two most common vegetation types in the AOI. Conversely, a small portion of the vegetation belongs to the broad-leaved forest, which was moderately damaged. The agricultural sector was not affected by the fire event and no damages were reported, as no arable lands occurred in the AOI. The fire ravaged inside an unpopulated area, therefore no inhabitants were affected by the event.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN106] Wildfire in Ezcaray, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN106/feed

Type of Event: Storm (Tropical cyclone, hurricane, typhoon);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2020-11-03 01:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-08-19 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Guatemala;
Affected Area: Alta Verapaz Department, Guatemala;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Mapping (Standard) has been activated to assess the effects of the Eta and Iota hurricanes that hit Central America starting from the beginning of November 2020.

Eta affected 4 million people across Central America, with widespread flooding, destructive winds, and devastating landslides. Weeks after, starting from 16th November 2020, Iota struck the region with even more intense weather that worsened the conditions. Heavy rainfall associated with Iota was reported also in Guatemala in a 6-hour period on 18th November.

This RRM activation was requested with the aim of calculating the effective impacted areas, exposed population, economic losses and livelihoods, change of land use and help in reconstruction and recovery actions.

Particularly, this RRM activation provides the STANDARD products Flood delineation (P04), with related Impact assessment on assets and population (P14), for an area of interest surrounding Sesajal (243km²).

Results

• The results of the activation provide a set of flood delineation (P04) products based on Sentinel-1 data, acquired after either Eta or Iota cyclone on the 10.11.2020, 16.11.2020, 22.11.2020 and 28.11.2020 (geodata available at Downloads). P04 products are associated with an estimation of the corresponding water depth (raster files available at Download).

Example of P04-Flood delineation production over AOI01 Sesajal (situation as of 28.11.2020)

• The Impact assessment analysis on assets and population (P14) is based on the available reference datasets (i.e. OSM), the flood extent provided by P04, and WorldPop (2020) population data. The impact was assessed on the cumulated flooded areas basis. Summary tables are available at Downloads.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN104] ETA and IOTA hurricanes effects in Guatemala
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN104/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian (Population displacement (IDP));
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2018-01-01 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-07-27 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Central African...;
Affected Area: Proximity of Bria, Central African Republic;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (STD) has been activated by DG ECHO to get updated information about the Internally Displaced Person (IDP) site named PK-3 and located in the proximity of Bria, Central African Republic (CAR). Since 2013, the CAR has been affected by political, security and humanitarian crisis linked to armed conflicts, conflicts between communities, or tensions between farmers and breeders in some areas. This situation of instability in the country has dramatically worsened during election campaign (between mid-December 2020 and mid-January 2021), leading thousands of people to leave their places.

The goal of the activation is to provide support to better understand the current situation at the PK-3 IDP Camp, to analyse its status and composition, highlighting also changes with respect to 2018.

Proposed solution and results

• The P19-Population displacement location products are generated through photointerpretation of VHR satellite images and provide information about the camp type, its composition (e.g. tents, shelters, facilities, etc…), estimated population and density. The products delivered depicts the situation as of 2018 and 2021.
• The P13- Ready to print maps and map books for field campaigns products include detail maps of each of the P19 products generated, with a focus on the mapped camp.

Figure 1. Detail of P19- Population displacement location product in AOI01-Bria, as provided in the P13 products. Situation as of 11.11.2018 (left), 7.1.2021 (right).

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN103] IDP camp monitoring in Bria, Central African Republic
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN103/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-07-12 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-07-23 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Province of Ciudad Real, Castilla La Mancha region, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in the Ciudad Real province (Castilla la Mancha region, Spain) on 12^th July 2021. The wildfire hit especially the municipalities of Chillón and Almadén, where about 2000 ha of an agricultural land burnt. The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 1126 ha burnt, of which 499 ha only slightly damaged, 624 ha moderately damaged and 3.6 ha highly damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the fire ravaged inside an unpopulated area. The several nearby settlements do not fall within the boundaries of the provided AOI leading to a very low population estimation. The main transportation network is dominated by unpaved service roads. There are no infrastructure assets with high commercial value. The burned area is of mixed agro-forestry land, broad-leaved forests, and further arable land. The damage to the agricultural sector was minimal, mostly affecting non-irrigated arable land.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN101] Wildfire in Ciudad Real, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN101/feed

Type of Event: Other;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-07-24 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-07-27 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: Province of Huelva, Andalucìa region, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in the natural areas of Villarrasa, in the Huelva province (Andalucia region, Southern Spain) on 24th July 2021. A total of 15 aircrafts and 120 forest firefighters fought against the propagation of the wildfire which, however, reached the limits of Niebla and La Palma de Condado, affecting an area of 865 hectares, 630 hectares of which being forest.

The goal of the activation is to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation and the damage assessment.

The P07-Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 846 ha burnt, of which 540 ha only slightly damaged, 299 ha moderately damaged, and 6 ha highly damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that the fire engulfed 5 km of primary road and nearly 5 km of unpaved roads and tracks. The infrastructure assets with higher commercial value affected by the fire are several agricultural buildings, waste and recycling industry, and power line infrastructure. In terms of area, the highest total damage was suffered in the transitional woodland-shrub and sclerophyllous vegetation and in coniferous forest. The damage to the agricultural sector was minimal, mostly affecting pastureland. Several roadside residential buildings were destroyed.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN102] Wildfires in Huelva, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN102/feed

Type of Event: Wildfire (Forest fire);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-07-18 02:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-07-23 02:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Spain;
Affected Area: La Rioja region, Spain;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated by the Spanish General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (CENEM) on behalf of the Ministry of Interior of Spain, D. G. Guardia Civil and Jefatura del Seprona, following the forest fire that broke out in La Rioja region (North-Eastern Spain) on 18^th July 2021. Within the municipalities of Autol, Grávalos, Quel and Villarroya more than 200 hectares of wooden areas have burnt. The event affected also more than 360 hectares in the lung of La Rioja Baja, but it was managed to save Mount Yerga in Autol and the protected area of the Carrascal de Villarroya. More than 200 people worked in order to extinguish the forest fire, which was finally extinguished two days after.

The goal of the activation has been to provide wildfire damage delineation and grading products that will support the police investigation.

The P07 Wildfire delineation and grading product has been generated by using post-event VHR satellite images. The analysis resulted in 293 ha burnt, of which 165 ha only slightly damaged, 125 ha moderately damaged, and 2 ha highly damaged.

The P14-Impact assessment analysis on assets and population shows that infrastructure assets with higher commercial value are those of the wind power park located along the ridgeline of the hilly forested area inside the AOI. Nine of the 66 wind power generators were directly affected by the fire and 2 others were in proximity to the estimated fire boundary. In terms of area, the broad-leaved forests and sclerophyllous vegetation suffered the highest total damage, but they are also the two most common vegetation types in the AOI. The damage to the agricultural sector was minimal, mostly affecting non-irrigated arable land. No inhabitants were affected by the fire as the region is very sparsely populated.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN100] Wildfires in La Rioja, Spain
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN100/feed

Type of Event: Humanitarian (Population displacement (IDP));
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2017-10-05 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-06-18 16:20:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Mozambique;
Affected Area: Cabo Delgado Province, Mozambique;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated by EEAS (European External Action Service) on behalf of the World Bank Group in order to support EU Delegation, World Bank, UN and AfDB in a Recovery and Peace Building Assessment. This aims at understanding causes of the conflict in the North of Mozambique, and at developing a strategy for future Government’s intervention in the area. The ongoing conflict in Cabo Delgado Province started in October 2017 with attacks by insurgents. The attacks have since escalated and gained in range and sophistication. Thousands of people have died and hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced.

The goal of the activation is to support the RPBA through the monitoring of the Internally Displaced Person (IDP) camps within six AOIs in Cabo Delgado Province, to analyse their status and composition, highlighting also the changes occurring from May/June 2021 to August/September 2021.

Proposed solution and results

• The updated P19-Population displacement location products are generated through photointerpretation of VHR satellite images acquired in August/September 2021. They provide information about possible changes with respect to May/June 2021, in terms of camp types (e.g. permanent, temporary, IDP camps, etc.), extension and composition (e.g. tents, shelters, facilities, etc.), estimated population and density.
• The P13- Ready to print maps and map books for field campaigns products include detail maps of each of the P19 products generated, with a focus on the mapped camps. 

Figure 1. Detail of P19- Population displacement location product in AOI02-Centre de Ntele (extended area), as provided in the P13 products. Situation as of 16.9.2021.

Figure 2. Detail of P19- Population displacement location product in AOI04-Metuge (extended area), as provided in the P13 products. Situation as of 2.9.2021.

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN097] IDP camps monitoring in Northern Mozambique
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN097/feed

Type of Event: Volcanic activity (Lava flow);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2020-12-27 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-01-20 13:50:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Saint Vincent an...;
Affected Area: La Soufriere, St. Vincent and the Grenadines;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard (RRM STD) has been activated to support the risk assessment analysis related to the effusive eruption of the La Soufriere volcano, in St. Vincent and the Grenadines, that started on 27^th December 2020 and that ended up into an explosive eruption on 9^th April 2021.

The CEMS RRM STD has been triggered during the effusive phase of the volcano activity to provide a highly detailed post-event DSM to be possibly used to simulate the lava flow pathways, analysing the risk and supporting the emergency management. Nevertheless, given the newer eruption happened during production, on 9 April 2021, this product cannot be used for that scope anymore, but only to represent the surface of the volcano as of 03 March 2021.

A post-event P01.2-DSM has been generated by exploiting two COSMO-SkyMed HI acquisitions, and the radargrammetric technique. The final spatial resolution is 15 m, with a vertical geometric accuracy equal to about 13 m (CE90) and a horizontal accuracy equal to about 10 m (RMSE).

Figure1. P01.2 DSM (based on VHR radar data) generated from two radargrammetric COSMO-SkyMed HI images.		Figure2.  COSMO-SkyMed HI image of St. Vincent Island (top), and detail of La Soufriere volcano (bottom). The image has been orthorectified by using the P01.2 DSM product.

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN085] Digital surface model of La Soufriere Volcano
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN085/feed

Type of Event: Other;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-04-30 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Philippines;
Affected Area: Manila, Philippines;
Event Description:

The service was activated by a request from the Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK) on behalf of Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) – authorized user, and the University of Philippines – local user. Several sources suggest that the Manila NCR and lower Pampanga river basin, Philippines, has been affected by ground subsidence phenomena impacting settlements and increasing flood risk.

The EMS service aims to provide evidence of ground motion patterns in the targeted areas using multi-temporal satellite SAR data analysis – by persistent scatterers interferometry. Product derived from time series of Sentinel-1 imagery provides insight into localization and extent of sinking zones and severity of phenomena related to estimated motion velocity or different adversary patterns.

The ground motion map shows average annual vertical and horizontal ground motion velocities. Furthermore, the vector product provides value-adding features such as temporally coherent targets, comparing annual motion trends and classification of motion dynamics such as motion acceleration. 

 

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN091] Assessing changes in subsidence rates in the low Pampanga river basin and Manila area, Philippines
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN091/feed

Type of Event: Flood (Riverine flood);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-01-27 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-04-29 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Germany;
Affected Area: Altenstadt, Germany;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated for a retrospective assessment of two floods waves registered in the upper reaches of two rivers, Nidder and Seemenbach, located in the North-East Frankfurt (Germany), in the time period from the 27^th January 2021 to the 11^th February 2021. Moreover, in the lower reaches the analysis was requested from the 11^th February 2021 to the 17^th/18^th February 2021. The inundation was caused by a heavy thaw set at altitudes above 1500 meters, which, together with intense rainfall, increased the levels of numerous rivers in the Hessen region, Germany resulting into a consequent quick increasing of the water level in local water bodies, causing floods in along the Nidder and Seemenbach rivers.

• A hydraulic modelling approach has been adopted to provide the temporal analysis of the occurred flood event (P06 product) in terms of maximum flood extent, maximum water depth, and flood temporal evolution estimated during the period 27^th January 2021 – 17^th February 2021. The model has been calibrated by using four P04-Flood delineation products depicting the flood footprint extracted from Sentinel-1 acquisitions taken on the 27^th January (655 ha), 5^th (1015 ha), 14^th (319 ha) and 17^th (345 ha) February 2021.
• The maximum flood extent retrieved from the hydraulic modelling is 2355 ha. The water depth range has been estimated between 0.25 m and 1.7 m (0.45 m on average).

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN095] Flood in Hessen
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN095/feed

Type of Event: Other;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): ;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-06-03 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Syria;
Affected Area: ;
Event Description:

This request comes in the framework of the Syria Urban Recovery Framework Project developed by the EU Delegation, UN-Habitat and partners. The aim is to provide detailed mapping of the damage assessment of buildings and reconstruction monitoring in a list of urban areas in Syria.

The maps will be used in the frame of the above-mentioned project, to better assess the needs in terms of shelter recovery and future reconstruction when a political settlement is firmly underway.

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN096] Damage assessment and reconstruction monitoring of urban areas in Syria
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN096/feed

Type of Event: Storm (Tropical cyclone, hurricane, typhoon);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2020-11-03 01:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-04-27 13:46:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Nicaragua;
Affected Area: Autonomous Region of the North and South Caribbean Coast, Nicaragua;
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated to assess the effects of the Eta and Iota hurricanes that hit Autonomous Region of the North and South Caribbean Coast, Nicaragua, in the first weeks of November 2020.

Particularly, the products were requested with the final aim of calculating the effective impacted areas, exposed population, economic losses and livelihoods, change of land use and help in reconstruction and recovery actions.

This RRM activation provides the STANDARD products Flood delineation (P04), with related Impact assessment on assets and population (P14), for eight areas of interest (totalling almost 800 km²), as well as Damage assessment (P08) for the area of Sandy Bay Sirpi (25 km²).

Proposed solution and results 

• A set flood delineation (P04) products based on Sentinel-1 data, acquired after either Eta or Iota cyclone (on the 03.11.2020, 19.11.2020 and 20.11.2020). P04 products are associated with an estimation of the corresponding water depth.

  Example of P04-Flood delineation production over AOI04 Dakura

• A pre-event reference dataset (P02) and a detailed damage assessment (P08) produced over AOI08, by mean of visual interpretation from VHR satellite imagery acquired on the 26.02.2020 and 04.12.2020 respectively.

  Zoom on P08-Detailed damage assessment for AOI08 Sandy Bay Sirpi

• An Impact assessment analysis on assets and population (P14) based on the available reference datasets (either Open Street Map or EMSR477), flood extents provided by P04, and WorldPop (2020) population data. As for AOI08, impact assessment is based on P08 results.

  Estimate of affected population for AOI08 Sandy Bay Sirpi

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN094] Hurricanes ETA and IOTA, Nicaragua
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN094/feed

Type of Event: Mass movement (Landslide);
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2020-12-25 01:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-03-12 15:06:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Portugal;
Affected Area: Santana, Madeira island;
Event Description:

<p>A storm brought strong winds and heavy rain to parts of the Portuguese island of Madeira on 25 December 2020 . Flooding and landslides were reported in the municipality of S&atilde;o Vicente. Local media reported 20 people were evacuated in Ponta Delgada and 7 in Boaventura. One house was destroyed and several others severely damaged. Dozens of roads were closed, leaving some areas isolated, and power lines were downed leaving many residents without electricity. Several areas recorded more than 100 mm of rain in 24 hours to 25 December 2020, with the highest total seen in Porto Moniz which recorded 161 mm of rain. The goal of the activation is to get a more accurate picture of the mass movements induced by the heavy rainfalls that occurred over the period ranging from 25/12/2020 to 08/01/2021, for an area of interest located over Santana and its surroundings.</p>

<p><em><u>Proposed solution and results</u></em></p>

<ul>
<li>A pre-event reference dataset (P02.1) and a post-event LULC-CLC (P03.2) produced by mean of visual interpretation.
<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="10" style="width:500px">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img alt="" src="/mapping/sites/default/files/images/EMSN089_P021REF_AOI01_v01.jpg" style="height:230px; width:348px" /></td>
<td><img alt="" src="/mapping/sites/default/files/images/EMSN089_P032LULC_AOI01_v01(1).jpg" style="height:230px; width:361px" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>P02.1 Reference dataset (1:5,000)</td>
<td>P03.2 LULC-CLC @ 1:25,000 Update</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<li>A detailed damage assessment (P08.1) by and a reconstruction monitoring (P09) performed by photo-interpretation of VHR satellite imagery acquired on the 10.02.2021 and 18.04.2021 respectively.</li>
<li>A post-disaster landslide risk assessment (P17) based on P03.2.
<table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="10" style="width:500px">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img alt="" src="/mapping/sites/default/files/images/EMSN089_P17LSRA_AOI01_v01.jpg" style="height:230px; width:361px" /></td>
<td><img alt="" src="/mapping/sites/default/files/images/EMSN089_P14IAAP02_AOI01_v01.jpg" style="height:230px; width:349px" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>P17 Landslide risk assessment</td>
<td>Population exposure to landslide (P14)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<li>An Impact assessment analysis on assets and population (P14) performed with P08.1 results and WorldPop (2020) population data. In addition, an exposure analysis on assets and population is produced regarding the landslide hazard provided by P17.</li>
<li>A Digital Surface Model based on optical VHR data has been generated from post-event tri-stereo VHR satellite imagery acquired on the 18.08.2021.<br />
<img alt="" src="/mapping/sites/default/files/images/EMSN089_P011DSM_AOI01_v01.jpg" style="height:230px; width:361px" /><br />
Digital Surface Model (P01.1)</li>
</ul>

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN089] Mass movement in Madeira, Portugal
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN089/feed

Type of Event: Flood;
Date/Time of Event (UTC): 2021-02-19 00:00:00;
Activation Date/Time (UTC): 2021-03-29 00:00:00;
Dedicated Mechanism: Copernicus EMS (RRM);
Affected Country: Germany;
Affected Area: Ems river (Münster city, Germany);
Event Description:

The CEMS Risk and Recovery Standard has been activated by the Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK) on behalf of Bezirksregierung Münster, for a retrospective assessment of the maximum flood extent and flood depth registered during the event occurred at the Ems river (Münster city, Germany) in February 2021, whose flood peak was observed on the 19th February 2021. The inundation was caused by a significant increase of temperatures to approximately 30 degrees that was registered since the 15th of February, resulting into a rapid snow melting process and into a consequent quick increase of the water level in local water bodies, so that numerous rivers around Münster burst their banks, causing floods in the regions along the Ems river.

A hydraulic modelling approach has been adopted to provide the temporal analysis of the occurred flood event (P06 product) in terms of maximum flood extent, maximum water depth, and flood temporal evolution estimated during the period 17th-22nd February 2021. The model has been calibrated by using three P04-Flood delineation products depicting the flood footprint extracted from Sentinel-1 acquisitions taken on the 19th (682.65 ha), 21st (355.72 ha) and 22nd (353.86 ha) of February 2021.

The maximum flood extent retrieved from the hydraulic modelling is 1791.31 ha. The water depth range has been estimated between 0.25 and 2.5 m (0.40 m on average).

Details, maps:
▸ [EMSN092] Flood in Münster
Activation Feed (GeoRSS):
▸ http://emergency.copernicus.eu/mapping/list-of-components/EMSN092/feed